@TOC
问题背景
从零开始学springcloud微服务项目
注意事项:
- 约定 > 配置 > 编码
- IDEA版本2021.1
- 这个项目,我分了很多篇章,每篇文章一个操作步骤,目的是显得更简单明了
- controller调service,service调dao
- 项目源码以及sentinel安装包
Ribbon负载均衡
1 Spring Cloud Ribbon是基于Netflix Ribbon实现的一套客户端负载均衡的工具
- Ribbon是Netflix发布的开源项目,主要功能是提供客户端的软件负载均衡算法和服务调用
- Ribbon客户端组件提供一系列完善的配置项如连接超时,重试等
- 在配置文件中列出LoadBalancer(简称LB)后面所有的机器,Ribbon会自动的帮助你基于某种规则(如简单轮询,随机连接等)去连接这些机器。我们很容易使用Ribbon实现自定义的负载均衡算法
2 集中式LB
- 即在服务的消费方和提供方之间使用独立的LB设施(可以是硬件,如F5, 也可以是软件,如nginx), 由该设施负责把访问请求通过某种策略转发至服务的提供方
3 进程内LB
- 将LB逻辑集成到消费方,消费方从服务注册中心获知有哪些地址可用,然后再从这些地址中选择出一个合适的服务器
- Ribbon就属于进程内LB,它只是一个类库,集成于消费方进程,消费方通过它来获取到服务提供方的地址
4 Ribbon本地负载均衡客户端 VS Nginx服务端负载均衡区别
- Nginx是服务器负载均衡,客户端所有请求都会交给nginx,然后由nginx实现转发请求。即负载均衡是由服务端实现的
- Ribbon本地负载均衡,在调用微服务接口时候,会在注册中心上获取注册信息服务列表之后缓存到JVM本地,从而在本地实现RPC远程服务调用技术
5 Ribbon在工作时分成两步
- 第一步先选择 EurekaServer ,它优先选择在同一个区域内负载较少的server
-
第二步再根据用户指定的策略,在从server取到的服务注册列表中选择一个地址。其中Ribbon提供了多种策略:比如轮询、随机和根据响应时间加权
- Ribbon其实就是一个软负载均衡的客户端组件,他可以和其他所需请求的客户端结合使用,和eureka结合只是其中的一个实例
6 前面几个篇章就是使用了Ribbon负载均衡,RestTemplate+@LoadBalanced实现负载均衡,使用依赖包含在Eureka-client中
<!--eureka-client-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
OpenFeign默认使用Ribbon做负载均衡
1 OpenFeign集成了Ribbon
-
利用Ribbon维护了Payment的服务列表信息,并且通过轮询实现了客户端的负载均衡。而与Ribbon不同的是,通过feign只需要定义服务绑定接口且以声明式的方法,优雅而简单的实现了服务调用
2 新增module
3 选择jdk1.8
4 输入服务名:cloud-consumer-feign-order80
5 复制cloud-consumer-order80到cloud-consumer-feign-order80
更改pom依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud2022</artifactId>
<groupId>com.yg</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-order80</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--openfeign-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--eureka-client-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
<groupId>com.yg</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
更改application文件,添加超时连接控制和日志增强
server:
port: 80
spring:
application:
name: cloud-consumer-order
eureka:
client:
#表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true。
register-with-eureka: true
#是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息,默认为true。单节点无所谓,集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡
fetchRegistry: true
service-url:
#defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka
instance:
instance-id: order80
prefer-ip-address: true #访问路径可以显示IP地址
#设置feign客户端超时时间(OpenFeign默认支持ribbon)
ribbon:
#指的是建立连接所用的时间,适用于网络状况正常的情况下,两端连接所用的时间
ReadTimeout: 5000
#指的是建立连接后从服务器读取到可用资源所用的时间
ConnectTimeout: 5000
logging:
level:
# feign日志以什么级别监控哪个接口
com.yg.springcloud.service.PaymentFeignService: debug
更改启动类
package com.yg.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* @Author suolong
* @Date 2022/6/15 15:10
* @Version 2.0
*/
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
public class FeignMainApp80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(FeignMainApp80.class);
}
}
添加openFeign的日志打印配置
package com.yg.springcloud.config;
import feign.Logger;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
* @Author suolong
* @Date 2022/6/15 20:53
* @Version 2.0
*/
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced // 使用@LoadBalanced注解赋予RestTemplate负载均衡的能力
public RestTemplate restTemplate()
{
return new RestTemplate();
}
@Bean
Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel()
{
return Logger.Level.FULL;
}
}
更改controller
package com.yg.springcloud.controller;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yg.springcloud.service.PaymentFeignService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @Author suolong
* @Date 2022/6/15 20:54
* @Version 2.0
*/
@RestController
public class OrderController {
//public static final String PaymentSrv_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
public static final String PaymentSrv_URL = "http://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE";
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Resource
private PaymentFeignService paymentFeignService;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/feign/get/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
return paymentFeignService.getPaymentById(id);
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create") //客户端用浏览器是get请求,但是底层实质发送post调用服务端8001
public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
return restTemplate.postForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
public CommonResult getPayment(@PathVariable Long id) {
return restTemplate.getForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class, id);
}
}
添加feign调用
package com.yg.springcloud.service;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yg.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
/**
* @Author suolong
* @Date 2022/6/19 15:06
* @Version 2.0
*/
@Component
@FeignClient(value = "cloud-payment-service")
public interface PaymentFeignService {
@GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}
6 整体目录结构
7 postman测试:http://localhost/consumer/feign/get/1
- 8001和8002服务器交替出现,说明openfeign自带ribbon负载均衡
- 消费方也打印详细feign调用的日志
2022-06-19 15:25:02.356 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] ---> GET http://cloud-payment-service/payment/get/1 HTTP/1.1
2022-06-19 15:25:02.356 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] ---> END HTTP (0-byte body)
2022-06-19 15:25:02.469 INFO 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: cloud-payment-service.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2022-06-19 15:25:02.496 INFO 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.n.u.concurrent.ShutdownEnabledTimer : Shutdown hook installed for: NFLoadBalancer-PingTimer-cloud-payment-service
2022-06-19 15:25:02.496 INFO 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer : Client: cloud-payment-service instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=cloud-payment-service,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2022-06-19 15:25:02.501 INFO 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2022-06-19 15:25:02.518 INFO 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: cloud-payment-service.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2022-06-19 15:25:02.518 INFO 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client cloud-payment-service initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=cloud-payment-service,current list of Servers=[10.2.0.85:8001, 10.2.0.85:8002],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {defaultzone=[Zone:defaultzone; Instance count:2; Active connections count: 0; Circuit breaker tripped count: 0; Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:10.2.0.85:8002; Zone:defaultZone; Total Requests:0; Successive connection failure:0; Total blackout seconds:0; Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; Active Connections:0; total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0; average resp time:0.0; 90 percentile resp time:0.0; 95 percentile resp time:0.0; min resp time:0.0; max resp time:0.0; stddev resp time:0.0]
, [Server:10.2.0.85:8001; Zone:defaultZone; Total Requests:0; Successive connection failure:0; Total blackout seconds:0; Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; Active Connections:0; total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0; average resp time:0.0; 90 percentile resp time:0.0; 95 percentile resp time:0.0; min resp time:0.0; max resp time:0.0; stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList@27468f17
2022-06-19 15:25:02.575 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] <--- HTTP/1.1 200 (219ms)
2022-06-19 15:25:02.575 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] connection: keep-alive
2022-06-19 15:25:02.575 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] content-type: application/json
2022-06-19 15:25:02.575 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] date: Sun, 19 Jun 2022 07:25:02 GMT
2022-06-19 15:25:02.575 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] keep-alive: timeout=60
2022-06-19 15:25:02.576 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] transfer-encoding: chunked
2022-06-19 15:25:02.576 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById]
2022-06-19 15:25:02.577 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] {"code":200,"message":"查询成功哈: 8001","data":{"id":1,"serial":"abc"}}
2022-06-19 15:25:02.577 DEBUG 34144 --- [p-nio-80-exec-2] c.y.s.service.PaymentFeignService : [PaymentFeignService#getPaymentById] <--- END HTTP (77-byte body)
2022-06-19 15:25:03.519 INFO 34144 --- [erListUpdater-0] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: cloud-payment-service.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,Seata处理分布式事务(二十五)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,sentinel服务熔断功能(二十四)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,sentinel注解@SentinelResource的基本使用(二十三)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,sentinel热点key限流与系统规则的基本使用(二十二)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,sentinel熔断降级和限流的基本使用(二十一)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,Nacos集群和Nginx代理(二十)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,nacos配置中心的基本使用(十九)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,nacos注册中心的基本使用(十八)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,gateway通过微服务名实现动态路由(十七)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,gateway的基本使用(十六)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,Ribbon负载均衡工具与OpenFeign的使用(十五)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,使用Zookeeper替换Eureka服务注册与发现(十四)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,服务发现Discovery和Eureka自我保护(十三)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,集群cloud-provider-payment8002搭建(十二)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,集群Eureka服务注册中心cloud-eureka-server7002搭建(十一)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,单机Eureka服务注册中心cloud-eureka-server7001搭建(十)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,新建cloud-api-commons公共模块module(九)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,新建子module消费者订单模块(八)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,热部署devtools配置(七)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,子module提供者支付微服务业务开发(六)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,新建子module提供者支付微服务yml整合和新建启动类(五)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,新建子module提供者支付微服务pom整合(四)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,springcloud父工程pom文件整理(三)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,IDEA新建springcloud父工程(二)
SpringCloud无介绍快使用,与Spingboot之间的兼容版本选择(一)
作为程序员第 182 篇文章,每次写一句歌词记录一下,看看人生有几首歌的时间,wahahaha ...