瀛︿範浜?Cypress 宸ュ叿鍚庯紝绐佺劧鍙戠幇鐩墠寰堟祦琛岀殑 Playwright锛孭laywright 鎻愪緵浜嗕竴濂楀姛鑳藉己澶т笖鐏垫椿鐨勫伐鍏凤紝浣垮緱鍦ㄤ笉鍚屾祻瑙堝櫒涓婃墽琛岃嚜鍔ㄥ寲娴嬭瘯鍙樺緱鏇村姞瀹规槗鍜屽彲闈狅紝杩欎娇寰?Playwright 鎴愪负寰堝寮€鍙戣€呴€夋嫨鐨勯閫夊伐鍏蜂箣涓€銆?/p>
杩欎箞鍘夊鐨勫伐鍏峰繀椤荤湅鐪?! 浠ユ鏉ヨ褰曡嚜宸卞涔?Playwright 杩囩▼涓殑涓€浜涘唴瀹广€?/p>
鐜鍑嗗
瀛︿範涓€涓柊鐨勫伐鍏锋鏋讹紝蹇呴』浼樺厛闃呰瀹樻柟鏂囨。銆傞槄璇宦燩laywright 瀹樻柟鏂囨。锛岃€冭檻浣跨敤 Python + Playwright 杩涜瀛︿範锛屽垱寤轰竴涓柊鐨?Python铏氭嫙鐜锛堟垜浣跨敤 IDEA 杩涜寮€鍙戯紝杩樺彲閫夋嫨浣跨敤 VS Code / Pycharm 锛夛細
瀹夎 Playwright锛?/b> 浣跨敤 npm 杩涜瀹夎銆傛墦寮€缁堢骞惰繍琛屼互涓嬪懡浠わ細
npm init playwright@latest
鍛戒护閫斾腑闇€瑕佹垜浠浠ヤ笅鍐呭杩涜閫夋嫨锛?/p>
鍦?TypeScript 鎴?JavaScript 涔嬮棿杩涜閫夋嫨锛堥粯璁や负 TypeScript锛孴ypeScript 鎻愪緵浜嗘洿寮哄ぇ鐨勫紑鍙戝伐鍏峰拰鏇翠赴瀵岀殑鍔熻兘锛屽挨鍏堕€傜敤浜庡ぇ鍨嬮」鐩拰闇€瑕佷弗鏍肩被鍨嬫鏌ョ殑鍦烘櫙锛孞avaScript 鍒欐洿閫傚悎灏忓瀷椤圭洰鍜屽揩閫熷師鍨嬪紑鍙戯級锛?/p>
鎮ㄧ殑娴嬭瘯鏂囦欢澶圭殑鍚嶇О锛堝鏋滄偍鐨勯」鐩腑宸叉湁娴嬭瘯鏂囦欢澶癸紝鍒欓粯璁や负娴嬭瘯鎴?e2e锛夛紱
娣诲姞 GitHub Actions 宸ヤ綔娴佺▼浠ヨ交鏉惧湪 CI 涓婅繍琛屾祴璇曪紱
瀹夎 Playwright 娴忚鍣紙榛樿涓?true锛夈€?/p>
Playwright 灏嗕笅杞芥墍闇€鐨勬祻瑙堝櫒骞跺垱寤轰竴浜涢厤缃枃浠讹紝鍙互鍦╬laywright.config涓坊鍔燩laywright 閰嶇疆锛屽寘鎷慨鏀规兂瑕佽繍琛?Playwright 鐨勬祻瑙堝櫒銆傚鏋滃湪鐜版湁椤圭洰涓繍琛屾祴璇曪紝閭ｄ箞渚濊禆椤瑰皢鐩存帴娣诲姞鍒皃ackage.json銆倀ests鏂囦欢澶瑰寘鍚竴涓熀鏈ず渚嬫祴璇曪紝鍙府鍔╂垜浠紑濮嬫祴璇曘€傛湁鍏虫洿璇︾粏鐨勭ず渚嬶紝鍙煡鐪媡ests-examples鍖呭惈涓烘祴璇曞緟鍔炰簨椤瑰簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忚€岀紪鍐欑殑娴嬭瘯鐨勬枃浠跺す銆?/p>
绠€鍗曟祴璇?/h3>
鐩存帴蹇€熸祴璇晅ests鏂囦欢澶逛腑鐨勫熀鏈ず渚嬶細
npx playwright test
姝ゆ祴璇曞湪鏃犳祻瑙堝櫒妯″紡涓嬭繍琛岋紝杩欐剰鍛崇潃杩愯娴嬭瘯鏃朵笉浼氭墦寮€娴忚鍣ㄣ€傛祴璇曠粨鏋滃拰娴嬭瘯鏃ュ織灏嗘樉绀哄湪缁堢涓€?/p>
娴嬭瘯瀹屾垚鍚庯紝灏嗙敓鎴愪竴涓狧TML 鎶ュ憡鍣紝鍏朵腑鏄剧ず瀹屾暣鐨勬祴璇曟姤鍛婏紝鍏佽鎸夋祻瑙堝櫒銆侀€氳繃鐨勬祴璇曘€佸け璐ョ殑娴嬭瘯銆佽烦杩囩殑娴嬭瘯鍜屼笉绋冲畾娴嬭瘯鏉ヨ繃婊ゆ姤鍛娿€傚彲浠ュ崟鍑绘瘡涓祴璇曞苟鎺㈢储娴嬭瘯鐨勯敊璇互鍙婃祴璇曠殑姣忎釜姝ラ銆傞粯璁ゆ儏鍐典笅锛屽鏋滄煇浜涙祴璇曞け璐ワ紝灏嗚嚜鍔ㄦ墦寮€ HTML 鎶ュ憡銆?/p>
UI妯″紡
鍗充负headful 妯″紡锛?/b> 鍦ㄦ妯″紡涓嬶紝鍙互鐪嬪埌娴忚鍣ㄧ晫闈紝灏卞儚姝ｅ父浣跨敤娴忚鍣ㄤ竴鏍枫€傝繖瀵逛簬璋冭瘯鍜岃瀵熸祴璇曟墽琛岃繃绋嬮潪甯告湁甯姪銆?/p> npx playwright test --ui
Playwright + Python
Playwright 鐨勫師鐢熺増鏈槸鐢?TypeScript 缂栧啓鐨勶紝骞舵彁渚涗簡 JavaScript 鍜?TypeScript 鐨?API锛屽洜姝ゅ彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄨ繖涓ょ璇█鏉ョ紪鍐欐祴璇曡剼鏈€侾laywright 杩樻彁渚涗簡 Python 鐗堟湰鐨?API锛屽彲浠ヤ娇鐢?Python 缂栧啓鍜屾墽琛岃嚜鍔ㄥ寲娴嬭瘯鑴氭湰銆?/p>
浣跨敤Python鐗堟湰锛岄渶pip瀵煎叆鎵€闇€瑕佺殑playwright锛?/p>
pip install playwright
涔嬪悗灏卞彲浠mport鐩稿簲鐨勫playwright妯″潡涓殑鍑芥暟锛屼娇鐢?Python 璇█缂栧啓鐩稿簲鐨勭鍒扮娴嬭瘯銆?/p>
鍚屾涓庡紓姝?/h4>
鍦ㄤ娇鐢?Playwright + Python 杩涜鑷姩鍖栨祴璇曟椂锛屽彲浠ラ€夋嫨鍚屾鎴栧紓姝ョ紪绋嬮鏍硷紝鍏蜂綋鍙栧喅浜庝釜浜哄亸濂藉拰椤圭洰鐨勯渶姹傘€?/p>
鍚屾缂栫▼锛?/b>
鍦ㄥ悓姝ョ紪绋嬩腑锛屼唬鐮佹寜鐓ч『搴忔墽琛岋紝姣忎釜鎿嶄綔閮戒細绛夊緟鍓嶄竴涓搷浣滃畬鎴愬悗鍐嶆墽琛屼笅涓€涓搷浣溿€備娇鐢ㄥ悓姝ョ紪绋嬮鏍肩紪鍐欑殑浠ｇ爜閫氬父鏇存槗浜庣悊瑙ｅ拰璋冭瘯锛屽洜涓哄畠浠槸绾挎€ф墽琛岀殑銆傚湪 Python 涓紝鍙互浣跨敤鍚屾鐨勬柟寮忔潵缂栧啓 Playwright 娴嬭瘯锛屼緥濡備娇鐢╰ime.sleep()鏉ョ瓑寰呴〉闈㈠姞杞藉畬鎴愭垨鎵ц鍏朵粬鎿嶄綔銆?/p>
import time
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright #鍚屾
with sync_playwright() as p:
聽聽聽聽browser = p.chromium.launch()
聽聽聽聽page = browser.new_page()
聽聽聽聽page.goto("https://www.baidu.com")
聽聽聽聽time.sleep(2) # 绛夊緟 2 绉?/p>
聽聽聽聽browser.close()
寮傛缂栫▼锛?/b>
鍦ㄥ紓姝ョ紪绋嬩腑锛屼唬鐮佸彲浠ュ苟鍙戞墽琛岋紝涓嶅繀绛夊緟鍓嶄竴涓搷浣滃畬鎴愬氨鍙互鎵ц涓嬩竴涓搷浣溿€傝繖鏍峰彲浠ユ彁楂樼▼搴忕殑鎬ц兘鍜屽搷搴旈€熷害銆備娇鐢ㄥ紓姝ョ紪绋嬮鏍肩紪鍐欑殑浠ｇ爜閫氬父鏇撮€傚悎澶勭悊澶ч噺鐨勫苟鍙戜换鍔°€傚湪 Python 涓紝鍙互浣跨敤asyncio搴撳拰寮傛鐗堟湰鐨?Playwright API 鏉ョ紪鍐欏紓姝ヤ唬鐮併€?/p>
import asyncio
from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
async def main():
聽聽聽聽async with async_playwright() as p:
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽browser = await p.chromium.launch()
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽page = await browser.new_page()
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽await page.goto("https://www.baidu.com") # 鍦ㄥ紓姝ョ紪绋嬩腑锛屽彲浠ヤ娇鐢?await 鏉ョ瓑寰呭紓姝ユ搷浣滃畬鎴?/p>
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽await asyncio.sleep(2) # 绛夊緟 2 绉?/p>
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽await browser.close()
asyncio.run(main())
await
鍦?Python 鐨勫紓姝ョ紪绋嬩腑锛屼娇鐢?await 鍏抽敭瀛楁槸涓轰簡璁╁綋鍓嶅崗绋嬫殏鍋滄墽琛岋紝绛夊緟鍙︿竴涓崗绋嬪畬鎴愬悗鍐嶇户缁墽琛屻€傚鏋滀笉浣跨敤 await锛岃€屾槸鐩存帴璋冪敤寮傛鍑芥暟锛屼細瀵艰嚧褰撳墠鍗忕▼绔嬪嵆鎵ц涓嬩竴琛屼唬鐮侊紝鑰屼笉绛夊緟寮傛鎿嶄綔瀹屾垚锛岃繖鍙兘浼氬鑷撮敊璇垨涓嶇鍚堥鏈熺殑琛屼负銆?/p>
鍦ㄨ繖涓緥瀛愪腑锛屽鏋滀笉浣跨敤await锛岃€屾槸鐩存帴璋冪敤寮傛鍑芥暟锛屼細瀵艰嚧褰撳墠鍗忕▼绔嬪嵆鎵ц涓嬩竴琛屼唬鐮侊紝鑰屼笉绛夊緟寮傛鎿嶄綔瀹屾垚銆傚叿浣撴潵璇达紝濡傛灉涓嶄娇鐢╝wait鏉ョ瓑寰呭紓姝ユ搷浣減.chromium.launch()銆乥rowser.new_page()鍜宲age.goto()瀹屾垚锛岃€屾槸鐩存帴璋冪敤瀹冧滑锛屽彲鑳戒細瀵艰嚧浠ヤ笅闂锛?/p>
娴忚鍣ㄥ璞″彲鑳藉皻鏈畬鍏ㄥ垵濮嬪寲锛?/b>鍦ㄨ皟鐢╬.chromium.launch()鍚庯紝娴忚鍣ㄥ璞″彲鑳藉皻鏈畬鍏ㄥ垵濮嬪寲锛屽鏋滀笉绛夊緟瀹冨垵濮嬪寲瀹屾垚锛岀洿鎺ヨ皟鐢╞rowser.new_page()锛屽彲鑳戒細瀵艰嚧娴忚鍣ㄥ璞″皻鏈噯澶囧ソ锛屼粠鑰屽紩鍙戦敊璇€?/p>
椤甸潰鍙兘灏氭湭鍔犺浇瀹屾垚锛?/b>鍦ㄨ皟鐢╬age.goto()鍚庯紝椤甸潰鍙兘灏氭湭瀹屽叏鍔犺浇瀹屾垚锛屽鏋滀笉绛夊緟椤甸潰鍔犺浇瀹屾垚锛岀洿鎺ユ墽琛屽悗缁搷浣滐紝鍙兘浼氬鑷撮〉闈㈠皻鏈噯澶囧ソ锛屼粠鑰屽鑷存棤娉曡幏鍙栧埌棰勬湡鐨勯〉闈㈠唴瀹广€?/p>
娴忚鍣ㄥ璞″彲鑳藉皻鏈叧闂細鍦ㄨ皟鐢╞rowser.close()鍚庯紝濡傛灉涓嶇瓑寰呮祻瑙堝櫒瀵硅薄鍏抽棴瀹屾垚锛岀洿鎺ユ墽琛屽悗缁搷浣滐紝鍙兘浼氬鑷存祻瑙堝櫒瀵硅薄灏氭湭瀹屽叏鍏抽棴锛屼粠鑰岄€犳垚璧勬簮娉勬紡鎴栧叾浠栭棶棰樸€?/p>
缁间笂鎵€杩帮紝涓嶄娇鐢╝wait鏉ョ瓑寰呭紓姝ユ搷浣滃畬鎴愶紝鍙兘浼氬鑷寸▼搴忔棤娉曟寜棰勬湡鎵ц锛屽嚭鐜伴敊璇垨涓嶇鍚堥鏈熺殑琛屼负銆傚洜姝わ紝鍦ㄥ紓姝ョ紪绋嬩腑锛屼娇鐢╝wait鏄‘淇濆紓姝ユ搷浣滄寜椤哄簭鎵ц鍜屽畬鎴愮殑鍏抽敭銆?/p>
鎬荤殑鏉ヨ锛屽悓姝ョ紪绋嬫洿鐩磋鏄撴噦锛岃€屽紓姝ョ紪绋嬫洿閫傚悎澶勭悊澶ц妯＄殑骞跺彂浠诲姟銆傚湪閫夋嫨缂栫▼椋庢牸鏃讹紝闇€瑕佽€冭檻椤圭洰鐨勯渶姹傘€佸鏉傚害鍜屾€ц兘瑕佹眰銆?/p>
Playwright codegen
Playwright 鐨?codegen 鏄竴涓潪甯稿疄鐢ㄧ殑宸ュ叿锛屽畠鍙互甯姪鎴戜滑鑷姩鐢熸垚鎵ц娴忚鍣ㄦ搷浣滅殑浠ｇ爜銆傝宸ュ叿鍙互鍦ㄦ祻瑙堝櫒涓褰曠敤鎴风殑浜や簰鎿嶄綔锛屽苟灏嗗叾杞崲涓?Playwright 鑴氭湰锛岃繖鏍峰彲浠ュぇ澶х畝鍖栫紪鍐欒嚜鍔ㄥ寲娴嬭瘯鑴氭湰鐨勮繃绋嬨€?/p>
npx playwright codegen <url>
鍛戒护鐢熸垚鐨勪唬鐮佷负 TypeScript 鏄洜涓?Playwright 鏈韩鏄娇鐢?TypeScript 缂栧啓鐨勶紝鍥犳榛樿鎯呭喌涓嬶紝codegen 宸ュ叿鐢熸垚鐨勪唬鐮佷篃鏄?TypeScript銆?/p>
濡傛灉鎯宠鐢熸垚 Python 璇█鐨勪唬鐮侊紝鍙互鍦ㄦ墽琛?codegen 鍛戒护鏃讹紝閫氳繃鎸囧畾--target鍙傛暟鏉ユ寚瀹氱敓鎴愮殑浠ｇ爜璇█銆備緥濡傦細
npx playwright codegen --target=python <url>
杩欐牱灏卞彲浠ョ敓鎴?Python 璇█鐨勪唬鐮佷簡銆傚悓鏃讹紝Playwright 鐨?codegen 宸ュ叿浼氭牴鎹」鐩幆澧冨拰鎵ц涓婁笅鏂囨潵閫夋嫨閫傚綋鐨勮剼鏈瑷€銆傚叿浣撴潵璇达紝濡傛灉椤圭洰涓凡缁忓瓨鍦?TypeScript 鎴?Python 鏂囦欢锛岄偅涔?codegen 宸ュ叿鍙兘浼氶€夋嫨涓庨」鐩腑宸叉湁鏂囦欢鐩稿悓鐨勮剼鏈瑷€銆傝繖鏍峰彲浠ヤ繚鎸侀」鐩殑涓€鑷存€э紝骞跺噺灏戦泦鎴愬拰缁存姢鐨勫鏉傛€с€傚湪鎵ц codegen 宸ュ叿鏃讹紝瀹冧細妫€鏌ュ綋鍓嶇殑鎵ц涓婁笅鏂囥€備緥濡傦紝濡傛灉鍦?TypeScript 鐜涓繍琛?codegen 宸ュ叿锛屽畠鍙兘浼氳嚜鍔ㄩ€夋嫨鐢熸垚 TypeScript 浠ｇ爜銆傚悓鏍峰湴锛屽鏋滃湪 Python 鐜涓繍琛?codegen 宸ュ叿锛屽畠鍙兘浼氳嚜鍔ㄩ€夋嫨鐢熸垚 Python 浠ｇ爜銆?/p>
鍥犱负鎴戠殑椤圭洰鐜涓?Python锛屽綋鎴戠洿鎺ヤ娇鐢?/p>
playwright codegen <url>
鍙互鐩存帴鐢熸垚 Python 璇█鐨勪唬鐮併€?/p>
鍚屾椂锛宑odegen杩樻敮鎸佸緢澶氫笉鍚岀殑鍙傛暟锛屽锛?/p>
--device: 鎸囧畾瑕佹ā鎷熺殑璁惧绫诲瀷锛堜緥濡傦紝iPhone X銆乮Pad銆丟alaxy S5锛夈€?/p>
--geolocation: 鎸囧畾鍦扮悊浣嶇疆鍧愭爣锛屾牸寮忎负绾害鍜岀粡搴︼紝渚嬪37.7749,-122.4194銆?/p>
--permissions: 鎸囧畾瑕佹巿浜堢殑鏉冮檺锛屼緥濡俫eolocation銆乶otifications銆乵idiSysex銆?/p>
--lang: 鎸囧畾瑕佷娇鐢ㄧ殑璇█浠ｇ爜锛屼緥濡俥n-US銆亃h-CN銆?/p>
--proxy: 鎸囧畾浠ｇ悊鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑鍦板潃鍜岀鍙ｃ€?/p>
鍙互鏌ラ槄瀹樻柟鏂囨。浣跨敤杩欎簺鍙傛暟銆?/p>
Playwright聽Insepctor
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