elasticsearch有六种搜索方式：
1、query string search
2、query DSL
3、query filter
4、full-text search
5、phrase search
6、highlight search
1、query string search
搜索全部商品：GET /ecommerce/product/_search
took：耗费了几毫秒
timed_out：是否超时，这里是没有
_shards：数据拆成了5个分片，所以对于搜索请求，会打到所有的primary shard（或者是它的某个replica shard也可以）
hits.total：查询结果的数量，3个document
hits.max_score：score的含义，就是document对于一个search的相关度的匹配分数，越相关，就越匹配，分数也高
hits.hits：包含了匹配搜索的document的详细数据
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 3,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "jiajieshiyagao",
"desc": "youxiaofangzhu",
"price": 25,
"producer": "jiajieshiproducer",
"tags": [
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "gaolujieyagao",
"desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujieproducer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "zhonghuayagao",
"desc": "caobenzhiwu",
"price": 40,
"producer": "zhonghuaproducer",
"tags": [
"qingxin"
]
}
}
]
}
}query string search的由来，因为search参数都是以http请求的query string来附带的
搜索商品名称中包含yagao的商品，而且按照售价降序排序：
GET/ecommerce/product/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc
适用于临时的在命令行使用一些工具，比如curl，快速的发出请求，来检索想要的信息；但是在生产环境中，几乎很少使用query string search，因为他把所有的请求参数都弄在了query string 里如果查询请求很复杂，是很难去构建的
2、query DSL
DSL：Domain Specified Language，特定领域的语言
http request body：请求体，可以用json的格式来构建查询语法，比较方便，可以构建各种复杂的语法，比query string search肯定强大多了
查询所有的商品
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
}
查询名称包含yagao的商品，同时按照价格降序排序
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"name" :"yagao"
}
},
"sort": [
{ "price": "desc" }
]
}分页查询商品，总共3条商品，假设每页就显示1条商品，现在显示第2页，所以就查出来第2个商品
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": { "match_all":{} },
"from": 1,
"size": 1
}指定要查询出来商品的名称和价格就可以
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": { "match_all":{} },
"_source": ["name","price"]
}更加适合生产环境的使用，可以构建复杂的查询
3、query filter
对数据进行过滤
搜索商品名称包含yagao，而且售价大于25元的商品
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query" : {
"bool" : {
"must" : {
"match" : {
"name" :"yagao"
}
},
"filter" : {
"range" : {
"price" : {"gt" : 25 }
}
}
}
}
}
注API:
"bool" ---> 查询条件
"must" ---> 必须匹配
"filter" ---> 过滤
"range" ---> 范围
“gt” ---> ">"
“gte” ---> ">="
“It” ---> "<"
“Ite” ---> "<="4、full-text search（全文检索）
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"producer" : "yagaoproducer"
}
}
}producer这个字段，会先被拆解，建立倒排索引
special 4
yagao 4
producer 1,2,3,4
gaolujie 1
zhognhua 3
jiajieshi 2yagaoproducer
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 0.70293105,
"hits": [
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "4",
"_score":0.70293105,
"_source": {
"name": "specialyagao",
"desc": "specialmeibai",
"price": 50,
"producer": "special yagaoproducer",
"tags": [
"meibai"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score":0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name": "gaolujieyagao",
"desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujieproducer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "3",
"_score":0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name": "zhonghuayagao",
"desc": "caobenzhiwu",
"price": 40,
"producer": "zhonghuaproducer",
"tags": [
"qingxin"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "2",
"_score":0.1805489,
"_source": {
"name": "jiajieshiyagao",
"desc": "youxiaofangzhu",
"price": 25,
"producer": "jiajieshi producer",
"tags": [
"fangzhu"
]
}
}
]
}
}5、phrase search（短语搜索）
跟全文检索相对应，相反，
全文检索会将输入的搜索串拆解开来，去倒排索引里面去一一匹配，只要能匹配上任意一个拆解后的单词，就可以作为结果返回
phrase search，要求输入的搜索串，必须在指定的字段文本中，完全包含一模一样的，才可以算匹配，才能作为结果返回
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query" : {
"match_phrase": {
yagao producer"
}
}
}
{
"took": 11,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.70293105,
"hits": [
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 0.70293105,
"_source": {
"name": "specialyagao",
"desc": "specialmeibai",
"price": 50,
yagao producer",
"tags": [
"meibai"
]
}
}
]
}
}
6、highlight search（高亮搜索结果）
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"producer":"gaolujie"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"producer": {}
}
}
}
{
"took": 61,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.25811607,
"hits": [
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name":"lianxiaobaolianxiaobao aibili",
"desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujieproducer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
},
"highlight": {
"producer": [
"<em>gaolujie</em>producer"
]
}
}
]
}
}