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java netty聊天框架

Java Netty聊天框架

什么是Netty?

Netty是一个基于Java NIO的异步事件驱动的网络应用框架,主要用于快速开发可扩展的网络应用程序。它提供了高性能、稳定性和灵活性,被广泛应用于构建各种网络服务器和客户端

Netty的特点

  • 高性能:Netty采用了NIO技术,可以处理大量并发连接。
  • 异步事件驱动:采用异步非阻塞模型,可以高效地处理多个网络连接。
  • 易于使用:Netty提供了简单易用的API,方便开发人员进行网络编程。
  • 可扩展性:Netty支持自定义协议和编解码器,可以轻松地实现各种网络应用。

Netty聊天框架示例

下面我们将演示如何使用Netty构建一个简单的聊天室,实现客户端和服务器之间的实时消息传输。

服务器端代码示例

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;

public class ChatServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder(), new StringEncoder(), new ChatServerHandler());
                        }
                    })
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);

            serverBootstrap.bind(8888).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

客户端代码示例

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;

public class ChatClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup eventLoopGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(eventLoopGroup)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder(), new StringEncoder(), new ChatClientHandler());
                        }
                    });

            Channel channel = bootstrap.connect("localhost", 8888).sync().channel();
            ChatClientHandler chatClientHandler = channel.pipeline().get(ChatClientHandler.class);
            chatClientHandler.setChannel(channel);
            channel.closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            eventLoopGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

流程图

flowchart TD;
    Start --> ServerInit
    ServerInit --> ServerBind
    ServerBind --> ServerRunning
    ServerRunning --> ServerClose

甘特图

gantt
    title Netty聊天框架实现过程
    dateFormat  YYYY-MM-DD
    section 服务器端
    服务器端初始化     :done, 2022-01-01, 1d
    服务器端绑定     :done, 2022-01-02, 1d
    服务器端运行     :done, 2022-01-03, 2d
    服务器端关闭     :done, 2022-01-05, 1d

    section 客户端
    客户端初始化     :done, 2022-01-01, 1d
    客户端连接     :done, 2022-01-02, 1d
    客户端运行     :

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