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android- 通过Intent筛选多种类型文件

android: 通过Intent筛选多种类型文件

一般使用setType()方法来实现文件过滤,如:只显示PDF文件:

     int requestCode = 100;
     Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
     intent.setType("application/pdf");
     intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
     startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode); 

但如果要指定多种类型呢,同时要指定pdf,excel,word,ppt这些类型的文件,那要怎样设置呢?

指定多种类型文件

在网上查了,有些答案是

错误方式1——setType中进行拼接:

intent.setType(“video/*;image/*”);//同时选择视频和图片

错误方式2——调用多次setType:

intent.setType("video/*");
intent.setType("image/*");

这两种方式都是错误的
我们看下源码

/**
     * Set an explicit MIME data type.
     *
     * <p>This is used to create intents that only specify a type and not data,
     * for example to indicate the type of data to return.
     *
     * <p>This method automatically clears any data that was
     * previously set (for example by {@link #setData}).
     *
     * <p><em>Note: MIME type matching in the Android framework is
     * case-sensitive, unlike formal RFC MIME types.  As a result,
     * you should always write your MIME types with lower case letters,
     * or use {@link #normalizeMimeType} or {@link #setTypeAndNormalize}
     * to ensure that it is converted to lower case.</em>
     *
     * @param type The MIME type of the data being handled by this intent.
     *
     * @return Returns the same Intent object, for chaining multiple calls
     * into a single statement.
     *
     * @see #getType
     * @see #setTypeAndNormalize
     * @see #setDataAndType
     * @see #normalizeMimeType
     */
    public Intent setType(String type) {
        mData = null;
        mType = type;
        return this;
    }

我们可以看到,setType每次都是重新赋值,没有添加到list和数组中,因此这两种方式是实现不了指定多种类型文件的。
既然这种方式实现不了,那么Intent会不会提供字段以便我们传递过滤数据,我们通过官方文档及源码,发现Intent提供了EXTRA_MIME_TYPES这个字段来传递,而且是数组类型:

/**
     * Extra used to communicate a set of acceptable MIME types. The type of the
     * extra is {@code String[]}. Values may be a combination of concrete MIME
     * types (such as "image/png") and/or partial MIME types (such as
     * "audio/*").
     *
     * @see #ACTION_GET_CONTENT
     * @see #ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT
     */
    public static final String EXTRA_MIME_TYPES = "android.intent.extra.MIME_TYPES";

因此结果就简单了,我们要指定ppt,word,excel,pdf类型的文件,代码如下

public static void openDirChooseFile(Activity activity, int requestCode, String[] mimeTypes) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        if (mimeTypes != null) {
            intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_MIME_TYPES, mimeTypes);
        }
        intent.setType("*/*");
        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
        // intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ALLOW_MULTIPLE, true);//多选
        activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
    }
 public static void chooseFile(Activity activity, int requestCode) {
        String[] mimeTypes = {MimeType.DOC, MimeType.DOCX, MimeType.PDF, MimeType.PPT, MimeType.PPTX, MimeType.XLS, MimeType.XLSX};
        FileUtil.openDirChooseFile(activity, requestCode, mimeTypes);
    }

MimeType文件

public class MimeType {
    public static final String DOC = "application/msword";
    public static final String DOCX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document";
    public static final String XLS = "application/vnd.ms-excel application/x-excel";
    public static final String XLSX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";
    public static final String PPT = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
    public static final String PPTX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation";
    public static final String PDF = "application/pdf";
}

MimeType 文件列表参考

扩展名 文档类型 MIME 类型
.aac AAC audio audio/aac
.abw AbiWord document application/x-abiword
.arc Archive document (multiple files embedded) application/x-freearc
.avi AVI: Audio Video Interleave video/x-msvideo
.azw Amazon Kindle eBook format application/vnd.amazon.ebook
.bin Any kind of binary data application/octet-stream
.bmp Windows OS/2 Bitmap Graphics image/bmp
.bz BZip archive application/x-bzip
.bz2 BZip2 archive application/x-bzip2
.csh C-Shell script application/x-csh
.css Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) text/css
.csv Comma-separated values (CSV) text/csv
.doc Microsoft Word application/msword
.docx Microsoft Word (OpenXML) application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
.eot MS Embedded OpenType fonts application/vnd.ms-fontobject
.epub Electronic publication (EPUB) application/epub+zip
.gif Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) image/gif
`.htm
.html` HyperText Markup Language (HTML) text/html
.ico Icon format image/vnd.microsoft.icon
.ics iCalendar format text/calendar
.jar Java Archive (JAR) application/java-archive
.jpeg
.jpg JPEG images image/jpeg
.js JavaScript text/javascript
.json JSON format application/json
.jsonld JSON-LD format application/ld+json
.mid
.midi Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) audio/midi audio/x-midi
.mjs JavaScript module text/javascript
.mp3 MP3 audio audio/mpeg
.mpeg MPEG Video video/mpeg
.mpkg Apple Installer Package application/vnd.apple.installer+xml
.odp OpenDocument presentation document application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation
.ods OpenDocument spreadsheet document application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet
.odt OpenDocument text document application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
.oga OGG audio audio/ogg
.ogv OGG video video/ogg
.ogx OGG application/ogg
.otf OpenType font font/otf
.png Portable Network Graphics image/png
.pdf Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) application/pdf
.ppt Microsoft PowerPoint application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.pptx Microsoft PowerPoint (OpenXML) application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
.rar RAR archive application/x-rar-compressed
.rtf Rich Text Format (RTF) application/rtf
.sh Bourne shell script application/x-sh
.svg Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) image/svg+xml
.swf Small web format (SWF) or Adobe Flash document application/x-shockwave-flash
.tar Tape Archive (TAR) application/x-tar
`.tif
.tiff` Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) image/tiff
.ttf TrueType Font font/ttf
.txt Text, (generally ASCII or ISO 8859-n) text/plain
.vsd Microsoft Visio application/vnd.visio
.wav Waveform Audio Format audio/wav
.weba WEBM audio audio/webm
.webm WEBM video video/webm
.webp WEBP image image/webp
.woff Web Open Font Format (WOFF) font/woff
.woff2 Web Open Font Format (WOFF) font/woff2
.xhtml XHTML application/xhtml+xml
.xls Microsoft Excel application/vnd.ms-excel
.xlsx Microsoft Excel (OpenXML) application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
.xml XML application/xml 代码对普通用户来说不可读 (RFC 3023, section 3)
text/xml 代码对普通用户来说可读 (RFC 3023, section 3)
.xul XUL application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml
.zip ZIP archive application/zip
.3gp 3GPP audio/video container video/3gpp
audio/3gpp(若不含视频)
.3g2 3GPP2 audio/video container video/3gpp2
audio/3gpp2(若不含视频)
.7z 7-zip archive application/x-7z-compressed

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